+ 1,000,000
BrewBama, you first alerted me to a post on Dave Miller's website that helped me confirm, mathematically, that my velocity (NB: it's velocity, not flow rate, that matters) as empirically established was correct. That rate, for me, and it's going to be in the ballpark for most homebrew systems, is around 0.25 in/min. Which for me is about 0.67 qt/min. (Depends on geometry and loading, but it's all in a range.) Almost all homebrewers running systems with a recirculating pump are so far exceeding this as to be absolutely terrifying. There's no adjustment in crush that will save your @$$ if you're running your pump like that. (No, I don't have a pump. Gravity still works in my bit of spacetime. And I still have to rely on my use of a simple bottling bucket spigot, not a 1/2" ball valve, throttled almost to closed position, as the outlet on my lauter tun, to sufficiently restrict flow.) Slow your roll, people.